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Часть текста: by Vivekananda. I Do not seek rest in that plane where the earthly gives birth to thoughts and desires, for if thou dost, thou wilt be dragged through the rough wilderness of life, which is not of Me. Whenever thou feelest that thy feet are becoming entangled in the interlaced roots of life, know then that thou hast strayed from the path to which I beckon thee, for I have placed thee in broad smooth paths which are strewn with flowers. I have put a light before thee, which thou can’st follow and thus run without stumbling. Krishna P. 212. I received your letter and the two issues of the magazine. Both were intensely interesting to me; indeed, the oppression of a majority by the minority of a people and the corruption which flows from it, is a phenomenon which has always occupied my mind and at present is entirely occupying my attention. I will endeavour to convey to you what I think, both in a particular and a general way, about those causes from which those dreadful calamities have arisen and do arise, of which you write in your letter and which are also mentioned in the two numbers of the Hindoo magazine you sent me. The causes, owing to which this astonishing spectacle arises, of the majority of the labouring classes submitting to a mere handful of idlers whom it permits to dispose not only of its labour but also of its very life, are always and everywhere the same; whether the oppressors and the oppressed belong to ...

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Часть текста: К комед [ ии ] . Время идет [?] ждешь.... Костюм с [ 2—3 стерлось ] ———————————————————————————————————— Плачет с Матр. [?] ———————————————————————————————————— К Кон [ евской ]. Уйдите, уйдите. Потом он подошел, видит, она постояла и вдруг побежала. ———————————————————————————————————— 23 Ф. Самоубийство — это нарочно проснуться от кошмара.[178]...

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Часть текста: I thank you for your very interesting letter. I quite agree with you that your nation cannot accept the solution of the social problem which is proposed by Europe and which is no solution at all. A society or community kept together by force is not only in a provisory state, but in a very dangerous one. The bonds that keep together such a society are always in danger of being broken and the society itself — liable to experience the greatest evils. In such a position are all the European states. The only solution of the social problem for reasonable beings endowed with the capacity of love is the abolition of violence and the organization of society based on mutual love and reasonable principles, voluntarily accepted by all. Such a state can be attained only by the development of true religion. By the words «true religion» I mean the fundamental principles of all religions which are 1) the consciousness of the divine essence of human soul and 2) respect for its manifestation — human life. Your religion is very old and very profound in its metaphysical definition of the relation of man to the spiritual All — the Atman; but I think it was maimed in its moral, i. e. practical application to life; by the existence of caste. This practical application to life, so far as I know, has been made only by Jainism, 1 Buddhism and some of your sects, such as Kabir Panchis 2 in which the fundamental principle is the sacredness of life and consequently the prohibition to take the life of any living being, especially of man....

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Часть текста: is particularly loathsome on the part of a stupid and coarse government which is endeavouring not only to retain the slaves in their servitude, but also by depraving the people to intensify their slavery in the future. I regard as stupid the action of our present government, because if it had put into practice Henry Georgeis principle that land cannot become exclusive property, — a principle always recognised and still recognised by the great mass of the Russian peasantry, — this measure alone, more effectually than all the acts of violence and cruelty now being accomplished by the government, would have pacified the people, and rendered impossible the codtinuation of the revolution. Whereas the Russian government has had recourse to a measure pricisely contrary to such an one by encouraging in every way the transference of the land from communal ownership to private individual ownership. 1 In this I see the government's astounding stupidity. Whilst in those measures which the government applies for the repression of the dissafection amongst the people naturally flowing from their want in land, is manifested the government’s astounding cruelty. Therefore the activity of the Single-Tax League organised in England is especially gladdening. Henry George is especially to be appreciated by those who profess Christianity in its true sense, for not only are the foundations of his teaching, but also his methods truly Christian. As Jesus in his utterance, «Ye have heard that it was said: Thou shalt not kill,... but I say unto you, Resist not evil», has pointed out that the commandment, «Thou shalt not kill», never, absolutely in no case, can be broken, that neither may the pretext of retribution or of defence serve as a reason for the violation of this commandment; exactly so does Henry George point out that the commandment ...

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Часть текста: welfare, or try only to fulfil the will of God, making no difference between men and nations. You say, that you will try to do what you can to break down the walls of partition through sectarianism and different religious systems, and through ultra strong patriotism . You say the same usual patriotism in your article — as if there can be two kinds of patriotism — the one good, the other, the ultra strong, bad patriotism. To say that patriotism can be good, is a great delusion, and if you suppose, that any kind of patriotism can be good, you open the door to the greatest evils. Patriotism and Christianity are two opposite terms and can not be united. I have written an article in form of a letter to an English correspondent about this subject, 3 and if it interests you, you can read it in the English papers, or I can send it to you. To save the far East from all the evils of patriotism would be the greatest boon to the world, and therefore we Christians, who believe in Christ’s teaching as it is preached inthe Sermon of the Mount, we must employ all our forces to attain this aim and to be strong and work and make no compromises. I hope that you and your friends, which partake your views, will try to do it. It would be a great joy to me, if I could in any way be useful to you. With brotherly love yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 28 Jan. 1896. Милостивый государь, Благодарю вас за присылку вашей статьи. 1 Для меня большая радость узнать, что вы верите в осуществимость учения Христа и намереваетесь проповедовать вашим соотечественникам христианство, как оно представлено в Нагорной проповеди. Это великая цель, и я не знаю более высокой, которой человек мог бы посвятить свою жизнь. Но чтобы быть искренним с вами, я...

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Часть текста: совершенно справедливы. Но причина этого явления совсем не та, чтобы такая проповедь была не нужна, но только та, что проповедующие не исполняют того, что проповедуют, т. е. — лицемерие. Тоже не согласен с тем, что вы называете вашей теологией. Вы полемизируете в ней с тем, во что уже никто из мыслящих людей нашего времени не верит и не может верить. Между тем вы сами как будто признаете бога, имеющего определенные и понятные вам цели. «То my mind unless we conceive God as engaged in a continual struggle to surpass himself, — as striving at every birth to make a better man than before, we are conceiving nothing better, than an omnipotent snob». 1 Об остальном же вашем рассуждении о боге и о зле повторяю слова, которые я высказал, как вы пишете, о вашем «Man and Superman», 2 а именно, что вопросы о боге, о зле и добре слишком важны для того, чтобы говорить о них шутя. И потому откровенно скажу вам, что заключительные слова вашего письма произвели на меня очень тяжелое впечатление: «suppose the world were only one of God’s jokes, would you work any the less to make it a good joke instead of a bad one» — «предположите,...

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Часть текста: Толстой Л. Н. - Наживину И. Ф., 7 июля 1907 г. 173. И. Ф. Наживину. 1907 г. Июля 7. Я. П. Простите, что долго не отвечал вам, милый Иван Федорович. Книгу «Resist not evil» переводит Дмитриев. 1 Я не читал ее — только заглянул, но Чертков говорил мне, ч[то] в ней есть много несогласного с христианством. 2 Книгу брамина, 3 пожалуйста, пришлите. Чтение таких книг больше, чем удовольствие, это расширение души. Надеюсь, что вы теперь уже не хвораете и, как всегда, полны жизни. Братский привет вашей милой жене. Лев Толстой. 7 июля 1907. Примечания Впервые опубликовано адресатом в его книге: «Из жизни Л. Н. Толстого», М. 1911, стр. 145. При письме от 29 июня н. ст. 1907 г. И. Ф. Наживин прислал книгу американского юриста Clärens S. Darrow «Resist not evil» («Не противьтесь злу»), London, 1904. Он спрашивал Толстого, стоит ли переводить ее. 1 О Сергее Логиновиче Дмитриеве см. т. 56, стр. 545. О переводе Дмитриева редакция сведений не имеет. 2 Разговор Толстого с В. Г. Чертковым был 19 июня, в день приезда Черткова в Ясную Поляну из Англии. 3 Речь идет о книге «Speeches and Writings» of Swami Vivekananda («Речи и статьи» Суоми Вивекананда).

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Часть текста: I think he acted as he did because he could not act otherwise. To use coercion for a true christian is like a physical impossibility. And this impossibility is determining the position that such a man can occupy in society. Therefore I think that for a christian it is not necessary to renounce the position that he occupies for the reason of non-conformity of his position with his faith; he must only put in his position — it may be of an emperor, of a hangman, a president, a spy, a priest, a soldier, a judge — act in the position in which the christian enlightenment found him, as his conscience bids him, and the result will be just what it ought to be: he will be chassed from the position that he ocupied and that may be the best thing for him. That is what I think about the difficulty Mr. Jones is in. It is great joy for me to know that there are men like Mr. Jones professing the christian doctrine not only in words but in deeds. Give him please my respect and love. What a pitiful state of jingoistic hypnotization is your people in now. It is dreadful but gives me nothing unexpected and new. This terrible evil and superstition which is called a virtue and which is unhappily so strong in America — patriotism could not produce anything else. They do not gather grapes from thornes... And so patriotism produces only lies, violence, murder. The sole sorrow of my old age is that I have not succeded to communicate to my brothers the truth which I feel with the same evidence as...

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Часть текста: Chucrh» (I do not like those names; they promise too much: it would be well, if in the transformation they would drop this name). 1 I think, that a great part of the evil of the world is due to our wishing to see the realization of what we are striving at, but are not ready for, and therefore being satisfied with the semblance of that, which should be. Compulsory governement organization is indeed nought else, than the semblance of good order, which is maintained by prisons, gallows, police, army and workhouses. Of real order there is none; only, that which infringes, it is hidden from our view in prisons, penal settlements and slums. And I think, that the dicease remains so long uncured, because it is concealed. So likewise with brotherhood or church communities. They also are semblances. There cannot be a community of saints among sinners. I think, that the members of a community in order to keep the semblance of sainthood must necessarily commit many new sins. We are so created, that we cannot become perfect either one by one, or in groups, but (from the very nature of the case) only all together. The warmth of any drop (or particle) is transmitted to all the others. And were it possible to conserve the heat of one particle, so that it should not pass to the others and therefore did not cool — it would only prove, that we took for heat, was not true heat. And I therefore think, that were our friends to...

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Часть текста: 1-st October 1909 Sir, I take the liberty of inviting your attention to what has been going on in the Transvaal, South Africa, now for nearly three years. There is in that Colony a British Indian population of nearly 13,000. These Indians have for several years laboured under various legal disabilities. The prejudice against colour and in some respect against Asiatics, is intense in that country. It is largely due, so far as Asiatics are concerned, to trade jealousy. The climax was reached three years ago, when a law passed specially apllicable to Asiatics 1 , which I and many others considered to be degrading and calculated to unman those to whom it was applicable. I felt that submission to a law of this nature, was inconsistent with the spirit of true religion. I and some of my friends were, and still are firm believers in the doctrine of nonresistance to evil. I had the privilege of studying your writings also, which left a deep impression on my mind. British Indians, before whom the position was fully explained, accepted the advice that we should not submit to the legislation, but that we should suffer imprisonment, or whatever other penalties the law may impose for its breach. The result has been that nearly one half of the Indian population, that was unable to stand the heat of the struggle to suffer the hardships of imprisonment, have withdrawn from the Transvaal rather than submit to a law which they have considered degrading. Of the other half, nearly 2,500 have for conscience’sake allowed themselves to be imprisoned — some as many as five time. The imprisonments have varied from...

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