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Часть текста: thou hast strayed from the path to which I beckon thee, for I have placed thee in broad smooth paths which are strewn with flowers. I have put a light before thee, which thou can’st follow and thus run without stumbling. Krishna P. 212. I received your letter and the two issues of the magazine. Both were intensely interesting to me; indeed, the oppression of a majority by the minority of a people and the corruption which flows from it, is a phenomenon which has always occupied my mind and at present is entirely occupying my attention. I will endeavour to convey to you what I think, both in a particular and a general way, about those causes from which those dreadful calamities have arisen and do arise, of which you write in your letter and which are also mentioned in the two numbers of the Hindoo magazine you sent me. The causes, owing to which this astonishing spectacle arises, of the majority of the labouring classes submitting to a mere handful of idlers whom it permits to dispose not only of its labour but also of its very life, are always and everywhere the same; whether the oppressors and the oppressed belong to the same, or, as is the case in India and in other countries, where the dominant class belongs to an entirely different nation from those oppressed. It appears especially strange of India, for here we have a people of 200 millions of individuals, highly endowed with spiritual and physical powers, in absolute subjection to a small clique, composed of...

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Часть текста: it. I have always been deeply affected by the seldom noticed words of Christ to his 70 disciples, when they returned from preaching and boasted of their success, saying that everywhere the devils were subject unto them: «In this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rather, because your names are written in heaven». In other words: seek not exterior success visible to all men, do not count your proselytes, as do the churchmen & the salvation army, 1 but seek to be in the truth, never to deviate from it & success, thoough perhaps invisible to you, will follow, will certainly follow, because when a man is in the truth he will act and his action will inevitably have the most fruitful results, if even they will not be visible to him. The same is expressed in the words «Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness & all these things shall be added unto you»; & in the words: «Be ye wise as serpents, & harmless as doves». Truth in order to influence men should be complete, not clipped, not adapted to the life of men of the world. And this is always being forgotten by mankind. And owing to this the most powerful efforts have been and are yet lost in vain. Precious is not that community which we may organize at Toula or Croydon 3 with the help of those near to us in time and space, although such a community may also have its object & signification, but precious is that community of men of all times and nations, who unite in the one truth, in which I have been brought into communion with men, so distant from me in space & time, & amongst others with you. The community, which is now necessary for mankind, will be composed not of men, who will unite in order to realize certain economical aims advantageous for themselves, like that «Brotherhood of Trust», 4 of which you...

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Часть текста: cannot believe the miracles not because we wish, or we do not wish to believe in them, but because such narratives, having a certain meaning for people of the 4-th century, have none for us. If Christ in body ascended the sky, he is ascending it still and never will reach the seat at the right hand of his father. And the same stands for all the miracles of the gospel. I think that the faith in the miracle excludes the faith in the teaching. If Christ could make all men healthy and rich (if he could make wine out of water, he could make all men rich) he should have done it instead of teaching men how to be blessed without health and riches. Those who accept the miracles, accept them only because they do not want to accept the teaching. 2) The divinity of Christ? The chief meaning of the definition of God is that He is a being different from man, above him and therefore if I say that man is God, I say a contradiction, just as if I said: spirit (the definition of which is something that is not matter) — spirit is matter. Christ being God is a belief that can be kept only by people who do not want to accept his teaching. If Christ is man the chief purport of his advent is his teaching and if I accept Christ as teacher I must follow his doctrine, but if he is God his teaching is only a little part of his significance. The chief thing is the story of his relation to the Father, the punishement of innocent people, the atonement, the sacrements, the church, the pope and so on, but not his teaching which cannot be accepted by the clergy, because it destroys at once their position and shows that their vocation is only a pretence to feed at the cost of the people. 3) About personal immortality? I think that in this life internal experience shows us that the less we live our personal...

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Часть текста: island in the mist of an ocean of unchristian conditions of life, so that the christian relations exist only between members of the colony but outside that must remain unchristian, otherwise the colony would not exist for a moment. And therefore to live in community cannot save a christian from the contradiction between his conscience and his life. I do not mean to say that I do not approve of communities such as your commonwealth, or that I do not think them to be a good thing. On the contrary, I approve of them with all my heart and am very interested in your commonwealth and wish it the greatest success. I think that every man who can free himself from the conditions of wordly life without breaking the ties of love — love the main principle in the name of which he seeks new forms of life — I think such a man not only must, but naturally join people who have the same beliefs and who try to live up to them. If I were free I would immediately even at my age join such a colony. I only wished to say that the mere forming of communities is not a solution for the christian problem, but is only one of the means of its solution. The revolution that is going on for the attainment of the christian ideal is so enormous, our life is so different from what it ought to be, that for the perfect success of this revolution, for the concordance of conscience and life, is needed the work of all men — men living in...

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Часть текста: great Society. But this is only an illusion; all the three modes of activity which you mention in your letter will be more surely attained by a man who regards himself a member of God’s great Society, than by a member of Tolstoy’s Society. Such a man who is earnest, as I know you are, will, firstly spread as much as he can the ideas that give him peace of conscience and energy in life without minding whether they are Tolstoy’s or anybody else’s. He will secondly try with all his might to induce people to speak their mind on the most important questions of life. He will, thirdly, try to give every person he comes in contact with, as much joy and happiness as it in his power to do and will also help those who get into difficulties through strictly following the teaching of Christ. A man belonging to God’s great Society, will beside that perform many other useful Christian acts which have neither been foreseen nor formulated by Tolstoy’s or any other Society. I own there are some advantages in the union of persons of the same mind who form Societies; but, I think, the drawbacks of such organisations are much greater that their advantages, And so I think, for myself, that it would be a great loss to me to change my membership of God’s great Society for the most seemingly useful participation in any human Society. I am very sorry, dear friend, to differ from your opinion, but I cannot think otherwise. Your friend Leo Tolstoy. Дорогой друг, Вы правы, предполагая, что Толстовское общество должно мне быть интересно. Я заинтересовался им. Но я сожалею, что во мне еще сохранилось достаточно тщеславия для того, чтоб интересоваться этим. Я всегда был того убеждения, и оно не может измениться, что быть членом старого общества, установленного богом при начале сознательной жизни человечества, более выгодно и для...

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Часть текста: Толстой Л. Н. - В редакцию "North American Newspaper", 10 (23) мая 1903 г. 152. В редакцию «North American Newspaper». 1903 г. Мая 10/23. Я. П. Dear Sir, I have sent to day by telegraph my answer to your question; but being affraid that my answer will not reach you, I repeat it by letter. It is as follows: Guilty is governement firstly excluding Jews as a separate cast from common rights, secondly inculcating by force to russian people an idolatrous faith instead of Christianity . Yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 1903. 23 Mai. Милостивый государь, Послал сегодня телеграфом мой ответ на ваш вопрос, но, боясь, что он не дойдет до вас, повторяю его в письме. Ответ этот следующий: Виновато правительство, первое: выделением евреев в особую касту, лишенную общих прав; второе: насильственным внушением народу идолопоклонства под видом христианства. Искренно ваш Лев Толстой. 1903. 23 мая. Примечания Печатается по листу копировальной книги.

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Часть текста: matters connected with the publication of my works to Vlad[imir] Tchertkoff and therefore, that though I was very pleased that such a serie of publications, as you suggested, should be brought out under your auspices, yet such authority as I felt myself able to give, could only be given subjected to Tchertkoff’s approval. 2 It follows that as far as I am concerned you have no authority to act in this matter without the full consent of Tchertkoff. I hope you will come to a complete understanding with him. I am repeating the content of this letter to Tchertkoff. I have written a little preface to Anatomy of Misery, 3 but before sending it to you I wish to read the book once more. If you have a disposable copy please send it to me. Affectionately yours, Leo Tolstoy. 29 June 1900. Дорогой Кенворти, Ольга Константиновна 1 получила письмо от Анны Чертковой, в котором она пишет, что вы объявили или опубликовали в газетах, будто вы уполномочены издавать мои сочинения или что-то в этом роде. Опасаясь, чтобы это не повело к недоразумениям или нежелательным осложнениям, я [немедля пишу, чтобы напомнить вам о том, чтò я говорил в Пирогове, а именно, что вся деловая сторона в связи с изданием моих, сочинений передана мною Владимиру Черткову, и что поэтому, хотя мне и было бы очень приятно, чтобы серия предполагаемых вами изданий была выпущена под вашим руководством, тем не менее та степень уполномочия, которую я чувствовал бы себя в состоянии дать вам, может быть дана только при условии согласия Черткова. 2 Отсюда следует, что, насколько дело касается меня, вы не уполномочены действовать в данном случае без полного согласия Черткова. Надеюсь, что вы придете к полному соглашению с ним. Содержание этого письма я сообщаю Черткову. Я написал небольшое предисловие к «Anatomy of Misery», 3 но перед тем как послать его вам, я хочу перечесть книгу еще раз. Если у вас есть свободный экземпляр, пожалуйста, пришлите его мне. Любящий вас...

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Часть текста: in which we now live. Do you know the writings of Matthew Arnold? His «Literature and Dogma», Parker’s discourse on religious subjects, Garrison’s «Non-resistance» and his «declaration of sentiments»? All this and many others is the same that you and I speak and write of, viz. that Christ gave us a programme of life as an architect would have given the plan of a building and a deceiver would have stolen the plan and put a false one in it’s stead, to compromise the architect. I think that many people over the world are begining to get aware that they are Labouring under a mistake and turn to the true teaching of Christ. I think that the hour is coming, but that we must remember the words said by Christ to his disciples. «Be ye therefore wise as serpentes, and harmless as doves». We must remember that every fault of ours destroys God’s work. And therefore according to your wish I do the following comments upon your book. The faults in your book are: 1) That you affirm the dogmas of creation, redemption, resurrection and of the reality of hell and eternal torments. This affirmation cannot be proved, and cannot help to lead a Christian life and must be repulsive to reasonable people. 2) That you admit divorce, which Christ most peremptorily prohibited. Divorce cannot be admitted because it cannot be left to the will of every man to decide when he not more can live with his wife and shall repudiate her. Please receive my remarks with the same brotherly feeling with which I write them to you. I need not tell you that I wish to be in communion with you, this communion...

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Часть текста: at every birth to make a better man than before, we are conceiving nothing better, than an omnipotent snob». 1 Об остальном же вашем рассуждении о боге и о зле повторяю слова, которые я высказал, как вы пишете, о вашем «Man and Superman», 2 а именно, что вопросы о боге, о зле и добре слишком важны для того, чтобы говорить о них шутя. И потому откровенно скажу вам, что заключительные слова вашего письма произвели на меня очень тяжелое впечатление: «suppose the world were only one of God’s jokes, would you work any the less to make it a good joke instead of a bad one» — «предположите, что мир есть только одна из божьих шуток. Разве вы в силу этого меньше старались бы превратить его из дурной шутки в хорошую?» Ваш Лев Толстой. Bernard Shaw. 9 May 1910 Jasnaya Poliana. Toula. Russia. My dear Mr. Bernard Shaw, I have received your play and your witty letter. I have read your play with pleasure. I am in full sympathy with its subject. Your remark that the preaching of righteousness has generally little influence on people and that young men regard as laudable that which is contrary righteousness is quite correct. It does not however follow that such...

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Часть текста: Palace Hotel, 4, Victoria Street, S. W. London, 1-st October 1909 Sir, I take the liberty of inviting your attention to what has been going on in the Transvaal, South Africa, now for nearly three years. There is in that Colony a British Indian population of nearly 13,000. These Indians have for several years laboured under various legal disabilities. The prejudice against colour and in some respect against Asiatics, is intense in that country. It is largely due, so far as Asiatics are concerned, to trade jealousy. The climax was reached three years ago, when a law passed specially apllicable to Asiatics 1 , which I and many others considered to be degrading and calculated to unman those to whom it was applicable. I felt that submission to a law of this nature, was inconsistent with the spirit of true religion. I and some of my friends were, and still are firm believers in the doctrine of nonresistance to evil. I had the privilege of studying your writings also, which left a deep impression on my mind. British Indians, before whom the position was fully explained, accepted the advice that we should not submit to the legislation, but that we should suffer imprisonment, or whatever other penalties the law may impose for its breach. The result has been that nearly one half of the Indian population, that was unable to stand the heat of the struggle to suffer the hardships of imprisonment, have withdrawn from the Transvaal rather than submit to a law which they have considered degrading. Of the other half, nearly 2,500 have for conscience’sake allowed themselves to be...

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