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Часть текста: of the case of the Douchobortsy. I have just written a letter article entitled: «The two wars», which I have no time to translate but the contents of which I would like to communicate to you. 2 I say, that in our time there were two wars going on: one the Spanish American war, which is finished, and the other war against war which is still going on and which will finish only with all the wars in the world. This is the war, that the Douchobortsy and all the true Christians are making against the Russian and all the military government. I hear that you have great heroes who have killed a great many nearly unarmed men (the spanishs were unarmed in comparison with Americans). I got letters from Americans, who engage me to write about this noble work of their sailors and soldiers as they call it. 3 But I find that the work done by the American army and fleet was quite the opposite of noble and all these heroes are disgusting. I can imagine an old weak man full of superstitions, who thinks, that he can solve a dispute by boxing, but when I see a young a strong man who by his culture and the ideas of his time ought be know better accept the challenge of the old man and beat this silly old man and be proud of it, I am quite disgusted. And this is the aspect of the American war. I dont speak of the motives of the war, or better say the pretext, because there can not be true motives for a war, for killing people with the purpose of...

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Часть текста: «The Social Need » 1 , and Herron 2 in his, that a Christian life is quite impossible in the present unchristian organization of society. The contradictions between his surroundings and his convictions are very painful for a man who is sincere in his сhristian faith, and therefore the organization of communities seems to such a man the only means of delivering himself from these contradictions. But this is an illusion. Every community is a small island in the mist of an ocean of unchristian conditions of life, so that the christian relations exist only between members of the colony but outside that must remain unchristian, otherwise the colony would not exist for a moment. And therefore to live in community cannot save a christian from the contradiction between his conscience and his life. I do not mean to say that I do not approve of communities such as your commonwealth, or that I do not think them to be a good thing. On the contrary, I approve of them with all my heart and am very interested in your commonwealth and wish it the greatest success. I think that every man who can free himself from the conditions of wordly life without breaking the ties of love — love the main principle in the name of which he seeks new forms of life — I think such a man not only must, but naturally join people who have the same beliefs and who try to live up to them. If I were free I would immediately even at my age join such a colony. I only wished to say that the mere forming of communities is not a solution for the christian problem, but is only one of the means of its solution. The...

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Часть текста: it makes known to each other people working the same work and not knowing their comrades. I think, that the title of your publication is too narrow. The contents are broader. It contains not only records of the labour movement, but of the whole social reformation movement, which is going on now with so great intensity in the whole world. The solution of the labour question will not solve the social question, but the social question includes the labour question. And the social question can be solved only by the annulment of every kind of restraint used by one man or reunion of men over any other man or men. And this can only be done by change of public opinion. The social question will be solved only when it will be regarded by the great majority of men as base, shameful, abject and revilling a man to a beast to use violence against every other man, as to be a thief or murderer. And this opinion is more and more going to be general, and to establish this public opinion is what I have worked for with all my strength and will work for to my last day. I will beg my daughter to put my photo in this letter if she has one. Wishing you succes in your and our common work, I...

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Часть текста: of what we are striving at, but are not ready for, and therefore being satisfied with the semblance of that, which should be. Compulsory governement organization is indeed nought else, than the semblance of good order, which is maintained by prisons, gallows, police, army and workhouses. Of real order there is none; only, that which infringes, it is hidden from our view in prisons, penal settlements and slums. And I think, that the dicease remains so long uncured, because it is concealed. So likewise with brotherhood or church communities. They also are semblances. There cannot be a community of saints among sinners. I think, that the members of a community in order to keep the semblance of sainthood must necessarily commit many new sins. We are so created, that we cannot become perfect either one by one, or in groups, but (from the very nature of the case) only all together. The warmth of any drop (or particle) is transmitted to all the others. And were it possible to conserve the heat of one particle, so that it should not pass to the others and therefore did not cool — it would only prove, that we took for heat, was not true heat....

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Часть текста: it. Lately his son 3 wrote to me that he thinks that [the greatest thing that] his father accomplisched was his proclamation of Non resistance. 4 I was very glad to hear it. Your «Tolstoy as schoolmaster» 5 has been translated in Russian which is a proof that it is good. I think that though your lecturing may be very useful, your energy can be better employed in bookwriting; I read always with great pleasure your articles in the Crank, 6 a very good publication. I am sorry for the Americans, not for Adin Balou, 7 that his name and work are unknown to them. Do not wait to come to Russia till our revolution is settled. It will not be so soon. As to the disturbances that are going on now, they are only the precursors of the great revolution, which I hope will begin at once everywhere and will consist in the annihilation of state power. You are still a young man and can have the opportunity to see the great change. Not so I. Therefore the sooner you come the more chances I will have to see you again before my great voyage. Your friend Leo Tolstoy. 25 April 1906. Эрнесту Кросби. Дорогой друг, Сожалею, что доставил вам столько неприятностей с «The Independent». 1 Забудьте его. Сожалею, что написал вам об этом. Вашего «Garrison» 2 я получил. Он мне нравится. Недавно сын его 3 написал мне, что, по его мнению, величайшее, что сделал его отец, — это его провозглашение непротивления. 4 Очень был рад услышать это. Ваша книга «Tolstoy as schoolmaster» 5 переведена на русский язык, что доказывает, что она хороша. Хотя ваши лекции, может быть, и очень полезны, я думаю, что ваша энергия могла бы получить лучшее применение в писании книг: я всегда с большим удовольствием читаю ваши статьи в «The Crank», 6 очень хорошем ...

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Часть текста: 180 13-15 . В М[ыслях] М[удрых] Л[юдей]..... продают его. — Джон Рёскин (1819—1900) — английский писатель по вопросам искусства, нравственности и общественной жизни. Толстой высоко ценил Рёскина и в 1898 г. написал небольшое предисловие к книжке его избранных мыслей. (Джон Рёскин, «Воспитание. Книга. Женщина». Перевод Л. П. Никифорова, изд. «Этико-художественная библиотека», М. 1898, стр. 3). Многие мысли Рёскина Толстой включил в свои «Мысли мудрых людей» и «Круг чтения». Мысль Рёскина, помещенная в «Мыслях мудрых людей» на 6 января, не вполне точно изложена Толстым. Подлинный текст ее следующий: «Грех всего мира есть, в сущности, грех Иуды. Люди не верят в своего Христа, а продают его». 431. 180 22-24 . Шкарван прекрасно пишет..... развращает Россию. — Альберт Шкарван (1870—1926) — словак, единомышленник Толстого. Состоя австрийским военным врачем, отказался от службы, что описал в своей книге «Мой отказ от военной службы», изд. «Свободное слово, Christchurch 1898. См. т. 53, прим. к записи Дневника от 21 января 1895 г. В 1906 г. А. Шкарван занимался переводом сочинений Толстого на немецкий язык. Упоминаемое в Дневнике письмо Шкарвана в архиве Толстого не сохранилось. 16 января. Стр. 180—181. 432. 180 30-31 . Отослал в Мос[кву] и Анг[лию] Пр[авительство] ,...

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Часть текста: asking you is to forward this letter to the Emperor. You will oblige me very much and, I hope, do a really good action by doing it. With true regard I am dear Sir truly yours Leo Tolstoy. 10 Mai 1897. .... не обидится на мое письмо. Я старался выразить мои мысли возможно мягче. Вы можете прочесть письмо, если вам угодно, и судите сами. Я прошу вас оказать мне услугу, передать это письмо государю. Вы очень меня этим обяжете, и, сделав это, я надеюсь, сделаете истинно хорошее дело. С истинным почтением остаюсь, милостивый государь, уважающий вас Лев Толстой. 10 мая 1897. Черновое. Dear Sir, The man who will give you this letter is a peasant from Samara a Malakan. I think you know that this is the denomination that they give in Russia to dissenters of a evangelistical creed. Last april the Stanovoi came in his house and took from him his three children. They did the same in three familys of Malakan. They came to me asking for help. I could not refuse them all what I could do and I wrote a letter to the Emperor relating in it this story and all what I know about the persecutions of the dissenters in Russia. I hope that the Emperor will not be offended by my letter. I tried to express my ideas as meekly as I could. You can read the letter, it is open. The favour I am asking of you is to forward this letter to the Emperor Please do it It will be a really good action. Yours truly Leo Tolstoy. М. Г. Податель этого письма — крестьянин Самарской губернии, молоканин. Думаю, что вы знаете, что это название дается в России сектантам евангельского вероучения. В апреле <исправник> становой явился к нему в дом и забрал его троих детей. То же самое ...

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Часть текста: ago, when a law passed specially apllicable to Asiatics 1 , which I and many others considered to be degrading and calculated to unman those to whom it was applicable. I felt that submission to a law of this nature, was inconsistent with the spirit of true religion. I and some of my friends were, and still are firm believers in the doctrine of nonresistance to evil. I had the privilege of studying your writings also, which left a deep impression on my mind. British Indians, before whom the position was fully explained, accepted the advice that we should not submit to the legislation, but that we should suffer imprisonment, or whatever other penalties the law may impose for its breach. The result has been that nearly one half of the Indian population, that was unable to stand the heat of the struggle to suffer the hardships of imprisonment, have withdrawn from the Transvaal rather than submit to a law which they have considered degrading. Of the other half, nearly 2,500 have for conscience’sake allowed themselves to be imprisoned — some as many as five time. The imprisonments have varied from four days to six months; in the majority of cases with hard labour. Many have been financially ruined. At present there are over 100 passive resisters in the Transvaal gaols. Some of these have been very poor men, earning their livelihood from day to day. The result has been that their wives and children have had to be supported out of public contributions, also largely raised from...

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Часть текста: for money, nor for me, nor for anybody else. If people find right, as you do, to give their money to other men and will do it through me, as they did in the time of the famine, I will do as they wish, but I would rather not have anything to do with money matters, which are always full of sin. And this is an example of it. You are not rich, but nevertheless you gave a good sum of money with the best wishes, and this gift of yours has awakened in me very bad feelings: it seemed to me, that you must reproach me of inconsistency or in want of delicacy, if not asking, letting others ask money for my friends from strangers, when the members of my family are rich. Excuse me for saying all this, but I prefer to be sincere with you, because I like and esteem you very much, and have retained from our intercourse the most kind remembrances. You have heard, I think, of the persecution of the Duchobori, that is going on in the Caucasus. I have sent a correspondence about it to my friend Mr. John Kenworthy (London) and it will, I hope, appear very soon in the English papers. With best love, your friend Leo Tolstoy. Дорогой друг, Я получил ваше письмо 1 и чек на 92 рубля и пошлю его Черткову, который перешлет его по назначению. Сожалею, что Чертков обратился через вас к Обществу Друзей и признаюсь вам откровенно, что мне очень неприятно быть причастным к этому делу. 2 Если бы я считал, что христианину хорошо иметь в своем распоряжении деньги и что можно делать добро деньгами, я сохранил бы свое состояние и помогал бы людям деньгами. Но так как я считаю, что христианин не должен иметь никакой собственности и что деньгами невозможно делать никакого добра, то потому не могу никогда просить денег ни для себя, ни для кого-либо другого. Если люди считают, как вы, правильным давать свои деньги другим и делают это через меня, как это делалось во время голода, я буду ...

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Часть текста: intended for your dinner and I could not refrain from expressing my opinion about the growing of American patriotism for which I am very very sorry, and I was afraid that this letter should be desagreable to your friends who are so well disposed to me. * Yesterday I received the book «The soul of a people» 4 and thank you very much for sending it to me. I read the first chapter and think it very good. I am reading the Social Gospel and like very much your articles in it. You are touching in them always the true key-note. Wishing you to progress in the same direction I am yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 29 November 1898. *The idea of this letter 5 is expressed in my article: The two wars, 6 which must appear one of these days and your opinion of which I am anxious to know. Дорогой Кросби, Это письмо передаст вам мой друг Волкенштейн, который едет на Сахалин, чтобы соединиться со своей женой, политической мученицей. 1 Пожалуйста, извините, что я долго не отвечал на ваше последнее письмо. 2 Я написал длинный ответ, но не послал его, 3 так как он был предназначен к вашему обеду, а я не мог удержаться, чтобы не выразить свое мнение относительно усиления американского патриотизма, о чем я очень сожалею, и я боялся, как бы это письмо не было неприятно вашим друзьям, которые так хорошо ко мне расположены.* Вчера я получил книгу: «The Soul of a people» 4 и очень благодарю вас за ее присылку. Я прочел первую главу и нахожу ее очень хорошей. Я читаю «The Social Gospel», в котором мне весьма нравятся ваши статьи. Вы в них всегда держите верный тон. Желая вам успеха в этом направлении, остаюсь искренне ваш Лев Толстой. 29 ноября...

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