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Часть текста: Whole; we are the parts. Exposition of the teaching of the Veddas by Vivekananda. I Do not seek rest in that plane where the earthly gives birth to thoughts and desires, for if thou dost, thou wilt be dragged through the rough wilderness of life, which is not of Me. Whenever thou feelest that thy feet are becoming entangled in the interlaced roots of life, know then that thou hast strayed from the path to which I beckon thee, for I have placed thee in broad smooth paths which are strewn with flowers. I have put a light before thee, which thou can’st follow and thus run without stumbling. Krishna P. 212. I received your letter and the two issues of the magazine. Both were intensely interesting to me; indeed, the oppression of a majority by the minority of a people and the corruption which flows from it, is a phenomenon which has always occupied my mind and at present is entirely occupying my attention. I will endeavour to convey to you what I think, both in a particular and a general way, about those causes from which those dreadful calamities have arisen and do arise, of which you write in your letter and which are also mentioned in the two numbers of the Hindoo magazine you sent me. The causes, owing to which this astonishing spectacle arises, of the majority of the labouring classes submitting to a mere handful of idlers whom it permits to dispose not only of its labour but also of its very life, are always and everywhere the same; whether the oppressors and the oppressed belong to the same, or, as is the case in India and in other countries, where the dominant class belongs to an entirely different nation from those oppressed. It appears especially strange of India, for here we have a people of 200 ...
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Часть текста: his 70 disciples, when they returned from preaching and boasted of their success, saying that everywhere the devils were subject unto them: «In this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rather, because your names are written in heaven». In other words: seek not exterior success visible to all men, do not count your proselytes, as do the churchmen & the salvation army, 1 but seek to be in the truth, never to deviate from it & success, thoough perhaps invisible to you, will follow, will certainly follow, because when a man is in the truth he will act and his action will inevitably have the most fruitful results, if even they will not be visible to him. The same is expressed in the words «Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness & all these things shall be added unto you»; & in the words: «Be ye wise as serpents, & harmless as doves». Truth in order to influence men should be complete, not clipped, not adapted to the life of men of the world. And this is always being forgotten by mankind. And owing to this the most powerful efforts have been and are yet lost in vain. Precious is not that community which we may organize at Toula or Croydon 3 with the help of those near to us in time and space, although such a community may also have its object & signification, but precious is that community of men of all times and...
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Часть текста: Толстой Л. Н. - Мевору Джемсу (James Маvоr), 4 августа 1898 г. 206. Джемсу Мевору (James Маvоr). 1898 г. Августа 4. Я. П. James Mavor. Toronto. Dear Sir, I have just received your letter and answer it immediately. 1) The Doukhobortsy are the best farmers of Russia. 2) They would use land and seeds given to them in the best way. 3) They are not only not addicted to sexual excesses but are living the most chaste family life. 4) They would adapt themselves to any climate. 5) They would send their children to the common school, if the children would not be obliged to receive religious teaching. 6) To answer the 6-th point: if it would be possible for a part of 500 to 1000 persons to emigrate at once it would be necessary to know how much money would be necessary for the passage. The emigration fund is now only about 25 roubles per head (the children enclosed). We hope to augment the fund but it would (be) very desirable to have an accurate calculation of the costs necessary for the emigration for a family, say of life or six members. If you would be so kind to make this calculation and to send it to us, it would be a great help for us. With kind regard yours faithfully Leo Tolstoy. 16 August 1898. Джемсу Мевору. Торонто. Милостивый государь, Я только что получил ваше письмо и немедленно отвечаю: 1) Духоборы—лучшие землепашцы в России. 2) Они использовали бы данные им земли и семена наилучшим способом. 3) Они не только не предаются половым излишествам, а напротив того, ведут самую целомудренную семейную жизнь. 4) Они применяются ко всякому климату. 5) Они будут посылать своих детей в народные школы, если их не будут принуждать к религиозному образованию. 6) Чтобы ответить на шестой пункт, возможно ли одной партии от 500 до 1000 человек переселиться сразу, необходимо знать, сколько понадобится денег на их переезд. Фонд для переселения в данную минуту всего около 25 р. на душу (включая детей). Мы надеемся увеличить этот фонд, но было бы желательно иметь точный расчет необходимых расходов для переселения семейства, скажем, в пять-шесть человек. Если вы будете добры сделать этот расчет и прислать его нам, это будет для нас большая помощь. С приветом искренно ваш Лев Толстой. 16 августа 1898. Примечания Печатается по копировальной книге № 1, лл. 186—187. Дата нового стиля. Джемс Мевор (James Mavor) — профессор политической экономии в Торонто (Канада). Был у Толстого в 1889 г. Помогал духоборам при их переселении в Канаду, взяв на себя посредничество в переговорах с канадским правительством.
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Часть текста: it in russian papers but am afraid that the russian censure will not allow it to appear and have also sent an appeal to the English and American society — to my friends in Essex (V. Tchertkoff, Maldon), asking them to translate my letter and send it to the Times and New York Herald. I do not think it necessary to make a special appeal to the Quakers because this appeal is included in the one adressed to all Englishmen, but if you think it necessary I will do it. Yours affectionally Leo Tolstoy. 2 April 1898. Милостивый государь, Я своевременно получил ваши письма и благодарю вас за ваш добрый совет. Я тем более расположен ему последовать, что духоборы находятся сейчас в очень трудном положении. Там, где они живут, их преследуют самым ужасным образом, так что за последние два года они потеряли большую часть своего имущества; а одна часть их, более 400 семей, потеряла 25% своих членов от нужды и болезней; теперь им разрешено эмигрировать, чего они не могут сделать без посторонней помощи. Я написал об этом в русские газеты, но боюсь, что русская цензура не пропустит, а также послал обращение к английскому и американскому обществу — моим друзьям в Эссексе (В....
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Часть текста: Л. Н. - Гриффис Ж. Гриффис (Griffith J. Griffith), 23 апреля ? 1910 г. 311. Гриффис Ж. Гриффис (Griffith J. Griffith). Черновое . 1910 г. Апреля 23? Я. П. Thank you heartily for the sending of your book. I have only looked it through and think that it is a book that is most necessary in our times. I will read it with the greatest attention 1 and then expose to you my more thorough opinion on it. Сердечно благодарю вас за присылку вашей книги. Я только просмотрел ее и думаю, что эта книга является самой нужной в наше время. Я прочту ее с наибольшим вниманием 1 и тогда выскажу вам мое более полное мнение о ней. Примечания Печатается по черновику-автографу, написанному по-английски, на конверте письма Гриффис. Дата определяется почтовым штемпелем дня получения: «Засека, 23 апреля 1910 г.». Гриффис Ж. Гриффис — секретарь и казначей Лиги тюремных реформ в Лос-Анжелосе (Калифорния), с письмом от 23 марта нов. ст. прислал Толстому книгу: «Crime and criminals», by rhe Prison reform league. Los Angelos, 1910 («Преступление и преступники», изд. Лиги тюремных реформ, Лос-Анжелос, 1910), посвященную Толстому: «То Leo N. Tolstoy, the world’s great interpreter of the immutable law of inheritance — whereby like springs from like, love...
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Часть текста: — it would not bring us to anything. Only one point which I did not put clearly enough in my last letter I must explain to avoid misunderstanding. It is about compromise. I said that compromise, inevitable in practice, cannot be admitted in theory. What I mean is this: Man never attains perfection but only approaches it. As it is impossible to trace in reality a mathematically straight line and as every such line is only an approach to the latter, so is every degree of perfection attainable by man — only an approach to the perfection of the Father, which Christ showed us the way to emulate. Therefore, in reality, every deed of the best man and his whole life will be always only a practical compromise — a resultant between his feebleness and his striving to attain perfection. And such a compromise in practice is not a sin, but a necessary condition of every Christian life. The great sin is the compromise in theory, is the plan to lower the ideal of Christ in view to make it attainable. And I consider the admission of force (be it even benevolent) over a madman (the great difficulty is to give a strict definition of a madman) to be such a theoretical compromise. In not admitting this compromise I run the risk only of my death or the death of other men who can be killed by the madman; but death will come sooner or later, and death in fulfilling the will of God is a blessing (as you put it yourself in your book); but in admitting this compromise I run the risk of acting contrary to the law of Christ — which is worse than death. It is the same with property. As soon as I admit in principle my right to property, I necessarily will try to keep it from others and to increase it, and therefore will deviate very far from the ideal of Christ. Only...
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Часть текста: with all their power to retain direct slavery, which was advantageous for them, so also at the present time the wealthy classes use all their power for the retention of indirect slavery based upon landed property. In Russia, where people have never recognised landed property, this infamous action is particularly loathsome on the part of a stupid and coarse government which is endeavouring not only to retain the slaves in their servitude, but also by depraving the people to intensify their slavery in the future. I regard as stupid the action of our present government, because if it had put into practice Henry Georgeis principle that land cannot become exclusive property, — a principle always recognised and still recognised by the great mass of the Russian peasantry, — this measure alone, more effectually than all the acts of violence and cruelty now being accomplished by the government, would have pacified the people, and rendered impossible the codtinuation of the revolution. Whereas the Russian government has had recourse to a measure pricisely contrary to such an one by encouraging in every way the transference of the land from communal ownership to private individual ownership. 1 In this I see the government's astounding stupidity. Whilst in those measures which the government applies for the repression of the dissafection amongst the people naturally flowing from their want in land, is manifested the government’s astounding cruelty. Therefore the activity of the Single-Tax League organised in England is especially gladdening. Henry George is especially to be appreciated by those who profess Christianity in its true sense, for not only are the foundations of his teaching, but also his methods truly Christian. As Jesus in his utterance, «Ye have heard that it was...
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Часть текста: it may be of an emperor, of a hangman, a president, a spy, a priest, a soldier, a judge — act in the position in which the christian enlightenment found him, as his conscience bids him, and the result will be just what it ought to be: he will be chassed from the position that he ocupied and that may be the best thing for him. That is what I think about the difficulty Mr. Jones is in. It is great joy for me to know that there are men like Mr. Jones professing the christian doctrine not only in words but in deeds. Give him please my respect and love. What a pitiful state of jingoistic hypnotization is your people in now. It is dreadful but gives me nothing unexpected and new. This terrible evil and superstition which is called a virtue and which is unhappily so strong in America — patriotism could not produce anything else. They do not gather grapes from thornes... And so patriotism produces only lies, violence, murder. The sole sorrow of my old age is that I have not succeded to communicate to my brothers the truth which I feel with the same evidence as I feel the light of the sun. That patriotism must lead to lies, violence, murder and the loss not only of material wellbeing but of the greatest moral depravation. I am not yet discouraged and am now writing again on the same subject an article entitled «Carthago delenda est»; I will speak and write on this theme till my last breath because I think patriotism is one of the draedfullest delusions and evils of the world. Yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 23 апреля 1898. Дорогой Кросби, Я думаю, что Джонс...
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Часть текста: as I can. 1) I have got nothing against the usual assembling of people confessing the Christian doctrine on Sundays in halls that they call churches. But I think, that these assemblies ought not to be devoted, as they usually are, to public and uniform public prayers, firstly, because the repetition on Sunday in the same words is perfectly useless, as it very soon becomes a mechanical procedure; secondly and chiefly, because in the Gospels this error is plainly pointed out and it is there definitely said (Math. VI), that one should not pray in public places, but in solitude, which is corroborated both by the reason and the experience of every man, who has ever sincerely prayed to God, as the assembly of people only distracts, makes one’s thoughts wander and diverts them. I think that Sunday rest and dedication of this day to spiritual exercise may take place in the most various forms. One may suggest, that men of the same spirit, meeting together on Sunday, should bring to their meeting such religious books or articles which they find in ancient and modern literature and read and discuss them together; one may suggest, that meeting together on Sunday men of the same spirit should arrange dinners for the poor and themselves serve those dinners; one may suggest, that meeting together men of the same spirit should confess their sins to each other and discuss them. In short one can think of a hundred different forms of worship, which should all have for...
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Часть текста: religious idea of the doctrine of Krishna, so well exposed in your book, is the eternal and universal foundation of all true philosophies and all religions. The truth that the principle of all that exists we cannot otherwise feel and understand than as Love and that the soul of man is an emanation of this principle, the development of which is what we call human life — is a truth that is more or less consciously felt by every man and therefore accessible to the most scientifically developed minds as well as to the most simple. This truth is the foundation of the religion of Krishna and of all religions. But in the religion of Krishna, as well as in all ancient religions, there are statements which not only cannot be proved, but which are clearly products of uncontrolled imagination and which, moreover, are quite unnecessary for the conception of the essential truth and the affirmation of rules of conduct which flow out of the fundamental principle. Such are all the cosmological and historical affirmations of creations, durability of the world, all the stories of miracles, the theory of the four ages and the immoral and contradictory to the fundamental principle organization of casts. Dear friend and brother, the task which is before you is to state the truth common to all men, which can and must unify the whole humanity in one and the same faith, and one and the same rule of conduct based on it. Humanity must unite in one and the same faith, because the soul of every man — as you know it — only seems to be multiple and different in ...