Часть текста: before thee, which thou can’st follow and thus run without stumbling. Krishna P. 212. I received your letter and the two issues of the magazine. Both were intensely interesting to me; indeed, the oppression of a majority by the minority of a people and the corruption which flows from it, is a phenomenon which has always occupied my mind and at present is entirely occupying my attention. I will endeavour to convey to you what I think, both in a particular and a general way, about those causes from which those dreadful calamities have arisen and do arise, of which you write in your letter and which are also mentioned in the two numbers of the Hindoo magazine you sent me. The causes, owing to which this astonishing spectacle arises, of the majority of the labouring classes submitting to a mere handful of idlers whom it permits to dispose not only of its labour but also of its very life, are always and everywhere the same; whether the oppressors and the oppressed belong to the same, or, as is the case in India and in other countries, where the dominant class belongs to an entirely different nation from those oppressed. It appears especially strange of India, for here we have a people of 200 millions of individuals, highly endowed with spiritual and physical powers, in absolute subjection to a small clique, composed of persons utterly alien in thought and...

2. Ганди М. К. - Толстому Л. Н., 1 октября 1909 г.

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Часть текста: were, and still are firm believers in the doctrine of nonresistance to evil. I had the privilege of studying your writings also, which left a deep impression on my mind. British Indians, before whom the position was fully explained, accepted the advice that we should not submit to the legislation, but that we should suffer imprisonment, or whatever other penalties the law may impose for its breach. The result has been that nearly one half of the Indian population, that was unable to stand the heat of the struggle to suffer the hardships of imprisonment, have withdrawn from the Transvaal rather than submit to a law which they have considered degrading. Of the other half, nearly 2,500 have for conscience’sake allowed themselves to be imprisoned — some as many as five time. The imprisonments have varied from four days to six months; in the majority of cases with hard labour. Many have been financially ruined. At present there are over 100 passive resisters in the Transvaal gaols. Some of these have been very poor men, earning their livelihood from day to day. The result has been that their wives and children have...

3. Ганди М. К. - Толстому Л. Н., 15 августа 1910 г.

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Часть текста: Mr. Kallenbach and I have been friends for many years. I may state that he has gone through most of the experiences that you have so graphically described in your work «My Confession». No writings have so deeply touched Mr. Kallenbach as yours, and, as a spur to further effort in living up to the ideals held before the world by you, he has taken the liberty, after consultation with me, of naming his farm after you. Of his generous action in giving the use of the farm for passive resisters, the numbers of «Indian Opinion» I am sending herewith will give you full information. I should not have burdened you with these details but for the fact of your tocing a personal interest in the passive resistance struggle that is going on in the Transvaal. I remain your faithful servant M. K. Gandhi Count Leo Tolstoy Yasnaya Polyana Перевод: Иоганнесбург, 15 августа 1910 Милостивый государь, Очень благодарен вам за ваше ободряющее и сердечное письмо от 8 мая с. г. Я весьма ценю ваш общий отзыв о моей брошюре «Indian Home Rule» и буду ожидать, что, когда у вас найдется время, вы выскажетесь о моей работе более подробно, как вы были столь добры обещать мне это сделать в своем письме. Калленбах пишет вам о «Толстовской ферме». С Калленбахом мы друзья уже многие годы. Могу сказать о нем, что он также прошел через большинство тех испытаний, которые вы...

4. Толстой Л. Н. - Кенворти Джону (John Kenworthy), 27 февраля 1896 г.

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Часть текста: I am not now in Moscow, but in the conntry, at my friend Olsoufieff. I enjoy the stillness of the country life, and am working but something, that I would like very much to send to you before the summer (for publication). 1 My best love to you and your friends. Your brother Leo Tolstoy. Мой дорогой друг, Я давно уже получил ваше письмо с двумя посланиями, одно к духоборам, другое ко мне. От всего сердца благодарю ваших друзей за то, что они мне говорят в нем. Я часто думаю о них и хотел бы быть с ними. Этой ночью видел во сне, что я с вами в Кройдоне и познакомился со всеми вашими друзьями, с г. Бэкером и с какими-то дамами, и горячо спорил с ними на тему, которая мне ближе всего — о том, что мы все должны направлять все свои силы не на наше внешнее окружение (во сне я видел, что вы живете общиной в большом доме), но на нашу внутреннюю жизнь. Я уверен, что вы и ваши друзья знают всё это так же хорошо, как и я сам; но я пишу это только потому, что сон был так ярок, что я вижу лица и помню слова, которые говорились. Я сейчас не в Москве, а в...

5. Толстой л. Н. - Эвансу Фредерику (Frederic W. Evans), 27 января (6 февраля) 1891 г.

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Часть текста: W. Evans), 27 января (6 февраля) 1891 г. 228. Фредерику Эвансу (Frederic W. Evans). 1891 г. Января 27 — февраля 6? Я. П. D[ear] F[riend] and B[rother]. Thank you for your kind letter. It gave me great joy to know that you approve of my ideas on Christianity (I received the tracts that you sent me 1 ) and was very satisfied with your views upon the diffe[re]nt expressions of religious sentiments suiting the age of those to whom they are directed. I received the tracts you sent me and read them not only with interest but with profit, and cannot criticise them because I agree with everything that is said in them. There is only one question that I should wish to ask you. You are, as I know non-resistants. How do you manage to keep communial, but nevertheless property? Do you acknowledge the possibility for a Christian to defend property from usurpators? I ask this question because I think that the principle of non-resistance is the chief trait of true Christianity and the greatest difficulty in our time is to be true to it. How do you manage to do so in your community? With sincere respect and love yours truly Leo Tolstoy. I received your tracts, you say in your letter that [you] have sent me books, did you mean them or did you send me books calling the tracts books? I received more than a year the Oregon paper World Advance Thought, sometimes. I saw in it your articles. 2 I am very thankful to the editor for sending this paper; in every № I get spiritual nourishment if it were not for some spiritistic tendency that is foreign to me. Who is the editor and how long ago has it been founded? [I] agree with all its religious views. I like this paper very much. Дорогой друг и брат. Благодарю вас за ваше доброе письмо. Большой радостью было для меня узнать, что вы разделяете мои мысли о христианстве (я получил брошюры, которые вы мне послали...

6. Толстой Л. Н. - Гибсону Дж. (G. Gibson), 11 марта 1898 г.

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Часть текста: the colony would not exist for a moment. And therefore to live in community cannot save a christian from the contradiction between his conscience and his life. I do not mean to say that I do not approve of communities such as your commonwealth, or that I do not think them to be a good thing. On the contrary, I approve of them with all my heart and am very interested in your commonwealth and wish it the greatest success. I think that every man who can free himself from the conditions of wordly life without breaking the ties of love — love the main principle in the name of which he seeks new forms of life — I think such a man not only must, but naturally join people who have the same beliefs and who try to live up to them. If I were free I would immediately even at my age join such a colony. I only wished to say that the mere forming of communities is not a solution for the christian problem, but is only one of the means of its solution. The revolution that is going on for the attainment of the christian ideal is so enormous, our life is so different from what it ought to be, that for the perfect success of this revolution, for the concordance of conscience and life, is needed the work of all men — men living in communities as well as men of the world living in the most different conditions. This ideal is not so quickly and so simply attained, as we think and wish it. This ideal will be attained only when every man in the whole world will say: Why should I sell my services and buy yours? If mine are greater than yours I owe them to you, because if there is in the whole world one man who does not think and act by this principle, and who, will take and keep by violence, what he can take from others, no man can live a true christian life, as well in a community as outside it. We cannot be saved separately, we must be saved all together. And this can be attained...

7. Толстой Л. Н. - Кросби Эрнесту (Ernest Crosby), конец августа (17 ноября ?) 1898 г.

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Часть текста: but the contents of which I would like to communicate to you. 2 I say, that in our time there were two wars going on: one the Spanish American war, which is finished, and the other war against war which is still going on and which will finish only with all the wars in the world. This is the war, that the Douchobortsy and all the true Christians are making against the Russian and all the military government. I hear that you have great heroes who have killed a great many nearly unarmed men (the spanishs were unarmed in comparison with Americans). I got letters from Americans, who engage me to write about this noble work of their sailors and soldiers as they call it. 3 But I find that the work done by the American army and fleet was quite the opposite of noble and all these heroes are disgusting. I can imagine an old weak man full of superstitions, who thinks, that he can solve a dispute by boxing, but when I see a young a strong man who by his culture and the ideas of his time ought be know better accept the challenge of the old man and beat this silly old man and be proud of it, I am quite disgusted. And this is the aspect of the American war. I dont speak of the motives of the war, or better say the pretext, because there can not be true motives for a war, for killing people with the purpose of making people happy. So I dont speak of the pretext, but of the war itself. And in this hideous war they glorifie heroes and the whole world is silly enough to listen to all this cruel...

8. Толстой Л. Н. - Мак-Уистер Марте (М. Mac-Whister), 10 сентября 1891 г.

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Часть текста: Я. П. Dear sister! I was very glad to receive your letter and to know that there are people who live as you live and that you know me and wish to have intercourse with me. Please give me more particulars about your kind of living: have you property, how do you manage it, are you non-resistants? What you write me about your taking low positions, working as servants, your laboring with your hands and your freedom of all a[c]knowledged confessions seems to me to be true conditions of a christian life. But I will be quite sincere — I hope you will be the same to me — and tell you what seems to me not right in your way of living. I think that to abandon husbands wifes and children is a mistake. A Christian I think must learn to live with all men as with brothers and sisters; and husbands, wifes and children should not make an exception. The more it is difficult for a Christian to establish brotherly relations between himself and his nearest relations, the more he must try to do it. The other thing that I do not approuve is that you do not allow your children to mix with the external world. I think a Christian must not enclose himself and his children in a narrow circle of his com[m]unity, but must try to act towards the whole world as if the whole world where his community and so he must educate the children. Please explain to me your words «when we received the light». How did you receive it? and what do you understand by the word «light»? Please also give me more details of the history of your community, I will be very thankful for it. My adress is: Tula , Russia. Thanking you again for your letter I remain Yours truly L. Tolstoy. 22 September. Дорогая сестра, Очень был рад получить ваше письмо и узнать, что есть люди, живущие ...

9. Толстой Л. Н. - Беллоузу Джону (John Bellows), 5 (6) октября 1895 г.

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Часть текста: 1 and the draft for ninety-two roubles, and will send it to Tchertkoff, who will forward it to its destination. I am sorry that Tchertkoff adressed himself through you to the Society of Friends, and will avow it to you, that it is very disagreable to me, that I have something to do with this matter. 2 If I thought, that it is good for a Christian to have money at his disposal and that good could be done by money, I would have kept my fortune and would help people by my money. But as I think, that a Christian ought not to have any property and that it is impossible to do any good through money, I can never ask for money, nor for me, nor for anybody else. If people find right, as you do, to give their money to other men and will do it through me, as they did in the time of the famine, I will do as they wish, but I would rather not have anything to do with money matters, which are always full of sin. And this is an example of it. You are not rich, but nevertheless you gave a good sum of money with the best wishes, and this gift of yours has awakened...

10. Толстой Л. Н. - Блэку А. (A. Blake), 12 ноября 1888 г.

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Часть текста: And that for to attain this end we have only to shake off the ancient imposture in which we now live. Do you know the writings of Matthew Arnold? His «Literature and Dogma», Parker’s discourse on religious subjects, Garrison’s «Non-resistance» and his «declaration of sentiments»? All this and many others is the same that you and I speak and write of, viz. that Christ gave us a programme of life as an architect would have given the plan of a building and a deceiver would have stolen the plan and put a false one in it’s stead, to compromise the architect. I think that many people over the world are begining to get aware that they are Labouring under a mistake and turn to the true teaching of Christ. I think that the hour is coming, but that we must remember the words said by Christ to his disciples. «Be ye therefore wise as serpentes, and harmless as doves». We must remember that every fault of ours destroys God’s work. And therefore according to your wish I do the following comments upon your book. The faults in your book are: 1) That you affirm the dogmas of creation, redemption, resurrection and of the reality of hell and eternal torments. This affirmation cannot be proved, and cannot help to lead a Christian life and must be repulsive to reasonable people. 2) That you admit divorce, which Christ most peremptorily prohibited. Divorce cannot be admitted because it cannot be left to the will of every man to decide when he not more can live with his wife and shall repudiate her. Please receive my remarks with the same brotherly feeling with which I write them to you. I need not tell you that I wish to be in communion with you, this communion established itself without our will through the sameness of our thought and purpose. I wish with all my heart real success to your book and beg you to write me about it and...

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