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Часть текста: to you for your encouraging and cordial letter of the 8-th May last. I very much value your general approval of my booklet «Indian Home Rule». And, if you have the time, I shall look forward to your detailed criticism of the work which you have been so good as to promise in your letter. Mr. Kallenbach has written to you about Tolstoy Farm. Mr. Kallenbach and I have been friends for many years. I may state that he has gone through most of the experiences that you have so graphically described in your work «My Confession». No writings have so deeply touched Mr. Kallenbach as yours, and, as a spur to further effort in living up to the ideals held before the world by you, he has taken the liberty, after consultation with me, of naming his farm after you. Of his generous action in giving the use of the farm for passive resisters, the numbers of «Indian Opinion» I am sending herewith will give you full information. I should not have burdened you with these details but for the fact of your tocing a personal interest in the passive resistance struggle that is going on in the Transvaal. I remain your faithful servant M. K. Gandhi Count Leo Tolstoy Yasnaya Polyana Перевод: Иоганнесбург, 15 августа 1910 Милостивый государь, Очень благодарен вам за ваше ободряющее и сердечное письмо от 8 мая с. г. Я весьма ценю ваш общий отзыв о моей брошюре «Indian Home Rule» и буду ожидать, что, когда у вас найдется время, вы выскажетесь о моей работе более подробно, как вы были столь добры обещать мне это сделать в своем письме. Калленбах пишет вам о «Толстовской ферме». С Калленбахом мы друзья уже многие годы. Могу сказать о нем, что он также прошел через большинство тех испытаний, которые вы так образно описываете в вашей книге «Исповедь». Никакие писания не производили на Калленбаха такого сильного впечатления, как ваши, и, в виде...

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Часть текста: has been lately a dreadful persecution in the Caucasus of a so called sect of Duchobory. One of our friends went to the Caucasus especially with the purpose to know the truth about this matter. 1 He has written the description of this persecution and I have written a little preface to this description. I should like very much to publish all this in the most widespread English papers. In which paper will you advise me to send the article? Would you undertake this affair? And if so, can I send you the article in Russian? It would save time. I think you are in relation with Mr. Rapoport 2 and he could do the translation. His translations are very good. The article will contain about 40,000 letters. Please answer as soon as possible. Yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 30 September 1895. Дорогой друг, В последнее время на Кавказе происходило ужасное гонение на так называемую секту духоборов. Один из наших друзей ездил на Кавказ со специальной целью узнать об этом всю правду. 1 Он составил описание этих гонений, а я прибавил к этому описанию маленькое предисловие. Мне очень хотелось бы напечатать всё это в наиболее распространенных английских газетах. В какую газету вы советуете мне послать эту статью?...

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Часть текста: because the repetition on Sunday in the same words is perfectly useless, as it very soon becomes a mechanical procedure; secondly and chiefly, because in the Gospels this error is plainly pointed out and it is there definitely said (Math. VI), that one should not pray in public places, but in solitude, which is corroborated both by the reason and the experience of every man, who has ever sincerely prayed to God, as the assembly of people only distracts, makes one’s thoughts wander and diverts them. I think that Sunday rest and dedication of this day to spiritual exercise may take place in the most various forms. One may suggest, that men of the same spirit, meeting together on Sunday, should bring to their meeting such religious books or articles which they find in ancient and modern literature and read and discuss them together; one may suggest, that meeting together on Sunday men of the same spirit should arrange dinners for the poor and themselves serve those dinners; one may suggest, that meeting together men of the same spirit should confess their sins to each other and discuss them. In short one can think of a hundred different forms of worship, which should all have for their...

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Часть текста: and unnecessary to state the reasons why I did not answer you till now. 2 Please excuse me for it. I hope and desire that this letter of mine will find you in the same place, in good health and in the same good disposition towards me, in which yours was written. I did not quite understand through your letter, nor through your book — your conception of life, and would be very thankful if you would explain to me your religious views. I am very much interested in the religious beliefs of the Japanese. I have an idea of Shintoism, but doubt that thinking Japanese men of our time can partake of this faith. I know Konfutionism, Taoism and Bouddism and have the greatest respect for the religious and metaphysical principles of those doctrines, which are the same as the fundamental principles of Christianity. There is only one religion which manifests itself by different sides to different nations, and should very much like to know the Japanese view of the fundamental religious principles. In European littеrature I could not find any vestige of it. If you can help me in this matter, if only by stating your religious views, I will be very thankful. By religious views I understand the answer to the chief and most important question for man, what is the meaning of the life that he is obliged to live. You speak in your letter of the Russian revolution and the reforms that are to be in Japan. I think that there is only one revolution and one reform impending everywhere in the world: it is the destruction of not...

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Часть текста: Father, which Christ showed us the way to emulate. Therefore, in reality, every deed of the best man and his whole life will be always only a practical compromise — a resultant between his feebleness and his striving to attain perfection. And such a compromise in practice is not a sin, but a necessary condition of every Christian life. The great sin is the compromise in theory, is the plan to lower the ideal of Christ in view to make it attainable. And I consider the admission of force (be it even benevolent) over a madman (the great difficulty is to give a strict definition of a madman) to be such a theoretical compromise. In not admitting this compromise I run the risk only of my death or the death of other men who can be killed by the madman; but death will come sooner or later, and death in fulfilling the will of God is a blessing (as you put it yourself in your book); but in admitting this compromise I run the risk of acting contrary to the law of Christ — which is worse than death. It is the same with property. As soon as I admit in principle my right to property, I necessarily will try to keep it from others and to increase it, and therefore will deviate very far from the ideal of Christ. Only when I profess daringly that a Christian cannot have any property — will I in practice come near to the ideal of Christ in this instance. There is a striking example of such a deviation in theory about anger in Matth., V, 22, where the added word είχη̃ («without any cause») have justified and still justify now every intolerance, punishment, and ...

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Часть текста: word reincarnation, 3 I should not myself like to omit it, for, in my opinion, belief in reincarnation can never be as firm as belief in the soul's immortality and in God's justice and love. You may, however, do as you like about omitting it. The translation into, and circulation of my letter in the Hindoo language, can only be a pleasure for me. A competition, 4 i. e. an offer of a monetary inducement, in connection with a religious matter, would, I think, be out of place. If I can assist your publication, I shall be very glad. 5 I greet you fraternally, and am glad to have intercourse with you. [7 окт. 1909.] Сейчас получил ваше в высшей степени и интересное и доставившее мне большую радость письмо. Помогай бог нашим дорогим братьям и сотрудникам в Трансваале. Та же борьба мягкого против жесткого, смирения и любви против гордости и насилия с каждым годом всё более и более проявляется и у нас, в особенности в одном из самых резких столкновений закона религиозного с законом мирским — в отказах от военной службы. Отказы становятся всё чаще и чаще. Письмо к индусу писано мною. 1 Перевод оч[енъ] хорош. Заглавие книги о Кришне вам будет выслано из Москвы. 2 Слово reincarnation 3 мне бы не хотелось исключать, п[отому] ч[то], по моему мнению, вера в reincarnation никогда не может быть так тверда, как вера в неумираемость души и в справедливость и любовь бога. Впрочем, делайте, как хотите. Переводу на индус[ский] язык моего письма и распространению его могу только радоваться. Думаю, что competition 4 , т. е. денежное поощрение, в деле религиозном неуместно. Если я могу служить чем вашему изданию,...

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Часть текста: 400 families lost 25% of their number from need and maladies, and now they are allowed to emigrate which they cannot do without help from outside. I have written about it in russian papers but am afraid that the russian censure will not allow it to appear and have also sent an appeal to the English and American society — to my friends in Essex (V. Tchertkoff, Maldon), asking them to translate my letter and send it to the Times and New York Herald. I do not think it necessary to make a special appeal to the Quakers because this appeal is included in the one adressed to all Englishmen, but if you think it necessary I will do it. Yours affectionally Leo Tolstoy. 2 April 1898. Милостивый государь, Я своевременно получил ваши письма и благодарю вас за ваш добрый совет. Я тем более расположен ему последовать, что духоборы находятся сейчас в очень трудном положении. Там, где они живут, их преследуют самым ужасным образом, так что за последние два года они потеряли большую часть своего имущества; а одна часть их, более 400 семей, потеряла 25% своих членов от нужды и болезней; теперь им разрешено эмигрировать, чего они не могут сделать без посторонней помощи. Я написал об этом в русские газеты, но боюсь, что русская цензура не пропустит, а также послал обращение к английскому и американскому обществу — моим друзьям в...

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Часть текста: against war which is still going on and which will finish only with all the wars in the world. This is the war, that the Douchobortsy and all the true Christians are making against the Russian and all the military government. I hear that you have great heroes who have killed a great many nearly unarmed men (the spanishs were unarmed in comparison with Americans). I got letters from Americans, who engage me to write about this noble work of their sailors and soldiers as they call it. 3 But I find that the work done by the American army and fleet was quite the opposite of noble and all these heroes are disgusting. I can imagine an old weak man full of superstitions, who thinks, that he can solve a dispute by boxing, but when I see a young a strong man who by his culture and the ideas of his time ought be know better accept the challenge of the old man and beat this silly old man and be proud of it, I am quite disgusted. And this is the aspect of the American war. I dont speak of the motives of the war, or better say the pretext, because there can not be true motives for a war, for killing people with the purpose of making people happy. So I dont speak of the pretext, but of the war itself. And in this hideous war they glorifie heroes and the whole world is silly enough to listen to all this cruel nonsense instead of faire honte à ceux qui proclament toutes ces horreurs comme des hautefaits. And in the meantime ther are in an other war which is going on in the whole world real true heroes who being martyrised, alone without witnesses, who could support them in wildernesses of central Asia and Siberia hold to their conviction and cover with shame their tyrants, and spread the truth and destroy the organisation of war. And nobody knows those heroes and take interst in them. But I think that not only Christians but truly civilized...

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Часть текста: Telegraph». I know that thes articles are the translation of the paper which I wrote for the Review: «Questions of Philosophy and Psychology» on the Famine and forwarded to you for translation into English. Although I have not read all the articles, 1 1 have no reason to call in question the accuracy of your translation, seeing that I have already had ample proofs of your fidelity and accuracy in translating. I can only explain the telegram you have received by a letter written by my wife to the «Moskovski Vedomosti» denying the assertion that I had send any articles to any foreing periodical and repudiating certain extracts from the «Daily Telegraph» affirming with reason that they were garbled till they had become almost unrecognisable. 2 I deeply regret the annoyance caused you by my article. Pray accept the assurance of my perfect esteem. Yours truly, Leo Tolstoy. В ответ на ваше сегодняшнее письмо я могу только выразить свое удивление на содержание той телеграммы, которую вы получили от «Daily Telegraph». Я никогда не отрицал и никого не уполномочивал отрицать подлинность статей, появившихся под моим именем в «Daily Telegraph». Я знаю, что эти статьи являются переводом той статьи о голоде, которую я написал для журнала «Вопросы философии и психологии» и которую передал вам для перевода на английский язык. Хотя я не читал всех этих статей, 1 но у меня нет основания сомневаться в правильности вашего перевода, так как я имел уже неоднократные доказательства вашей точности и аккуратности в этом отношении. Полученную же вами телеграмму могу объяснить только письмом моей жены в «Московские ведомости», в котором она...

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Часть текста: Толстой Л. Н. - Брисбену Артуру (Arthur Brisbanе), 14 февраля 1908 г. 52. Артуру Брисбену (Arthur Brisbanе). 1908 г. Февраля 14. Я. П. Dear Sir, My friend Mr. V. Tchertkoff has at my request written to you and Mr. Edisson 1 but I feel myself obliged to write to you personally asking you to accept my best thanks for your kindness and to transmit the same to Mr. Edisson for his present. I have received the phonograph and will always using it, remember you and Mr. Edisson. Yours truly Leo Tolstoy. 14 February 1908. Милостивый государь! Мой друг г. В. Чертков написал по моей просьбе Вам и г. Эдисону, 1 но я чувствую себя обязанным написать вам лично, чтобы выразить мою глубокую благодарность за Вашу любезность и просить вас передать то же самое г. Эдисону за его подарок. Я получил фонограф и, пользуясь им, всегда буду вспоминать вас и г. Эдисона. Искренне ваш Лев Толстой. 14 февраля 1908. Примечания Печатается по листу копировальной книги. Впервые опубликовано в «Литературном наследстве», № 37-38, стр. 331. Артур Брисбен (р. 1864) — американский журналист, редактор нескольких нью-йоркских газет. Через него фирма Эдисона послала Толстому в подарок фонограф. Фонографом Толстой пользовался лишь первые месяцы. Он продиктовал в фонограф несколько ответов на письма и начало «Не могу молчать». Затем нашел более удобным диктовать H. Н. Гусеву, записывавшему стенографически. 1 См. письмо В. Г. Черткову от 11 февраля 1908 г. (т. 89).

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