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Часть текста: perfection but only approaches it. As it is impossible to trace in reality a mathematically straight line and as every such line is only an approach to the latter, so is every degree of perfection attainable by man — only an approach to the perfection of the Father, which Christ showed us the way to emulate. Therefore, in reality, every deed of the best man and his whole life will be always only a practical compromise — a resultant between his feebleness and his striving to attain perfection. And such a compromise in practice is not a sin, but a necessary condition of every Christian life. The great sin is the compromise in theory, is the plan to lower the ideal of Christ in view to make it attainable. And I consider the admission of force (be it even benevolent) over a madman (the great difficulty is to give a strict definition of a madman) to be such a theoretical compromise. In not admitting this compromise I run the risk only of my death or the death of other men who can be killed by the madman; but death will come sooner or later, and death in fulfilling the will of God is a blessing (as you put it yourself in your book); but in admitting this compromise I run the risk of acting contrary to the law of Christ — which is worse than death. It is the same with property. As soon as I admit in principle my right to property, I necessarily will try to keep it from others and to increase it, and therefore will deviate very far from the ideal of ...

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Часть текста: roots of life, know then that thou hast strayed from the path to which I beckon thee, for I have placed thee in broad smooth paths which are strewn with flowers. I have put a light before thee, which thou can’st follow and thus run without stumbling. Krishna P. 212. I received your letter and the two issues of the magazine. Both were intensely interesting to me; indeed, the oppression of a majority by the minority of a people and the corruption which flows from it, is a phenomenon which has always occupied my mind and at present is entirely occupying my attention. I will endeavour to convey to you what I think, both in a particular and a general way, about those causes from which those dreadful calamities have arisen and do arise, of which you write in your letter and which are also mentioned in the two numbers of the Hindoo magazine you sent me. The causes, owing to which this astonishing spectacle arises, of the majority of the labouring classes submitting to a mere handful of idlers whom it permits to dispose not only of its labour but also of its very life, are always and everywhere the same; whether the oppressors and the oppressed belong to the same, or, as is the case in India and in other countries, where the dominant class belongs to an entirely different nation from those oppressed. It appears especially strange of India, for here we have a people of 200 millions of individuals, highly endowed with spiritual and physical powers, in absolute subjection to a small clique, composed of persons utterly alien in thought and aspiration and altogether inferior to those whom they enslave. These causes, as one can easily see from your letter, from the articles in «Free Hindustan», from the highly interesting writings of the Hindoo Swami Vivekananda and others, are in accord with that which causes the distress of all the peoples of our...

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Часть текста: Л. Ж. (L. G. Wilson), 22 июня 1889 г. 391. Л. Ж. Вильсону (L. G. Wilson). 1889 г. Июня 22. Я. П. Iasnaya Polyana Tula, Russia Iuly 5, 1889 Dear Sir. I have seldom experienced so much gratification as I had in reading Mr. Ballou’s 1 treatise and tracts. I cannot agree with your opinion that Mr. Ballou «will not go down to posterity among the immortals...» I think that because he has been one of the first true apostles of the «New Time» — he will be in the future acknowledged as one of the chief benefactors of humanity. If, in his long and seemingly unsuccessful career, Mr. Ballou has experienced moments of depression in thinking that his efforts have been vain; he has only partaken of the fate of his and our Master. Tell him please, that his efforts have not been vain, they give great strength to people, as I can judge from myself. In those tracts I found all the objections that are generally made against «non-resistance» victoriously answered and also the true basis of the doctrine. I will endeavor to translate and propagate as much as I can, the works of Mr. Ballou, and I not only hope, but am convinced, that the time is come, «when the dead hear the voice of the Son of god; and they that hear shall live». The only comments that I wish to make on Mr. Ballou’s explanation of the doctrine, are, firstly, that I cannot agree with the concession that he makes for...

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Часть текста: that I should wish to ask you. You are, as I know non-resistants. How do you manage to keep communial, but nevertheless property? Do you acknowledge the possibility for a Christian to defend property from usurpators? I ask this question because I think that the principle of non-resistance is the chief trait of true Christianity and the greatest difficulty in our time is to be true to it. How do you manage to do so in your community? With sincere respect and love yours truly Leo Tolstoy. I received your tracts, you say in your letter that [you] have sent me books, did you mean them or did you send me books calling the tracts books? I received more than a year the Oregon paper World Advance Thought, sometimes. I saw in it your articles. 2 I am very thankful to the editor for sending this paper; in every № I get spiritual nourishment if it were not for some spiritistic tendency that is foreign to me. Who is the editor and how long ago has it been founded? [I] agree with all its religious views. I like this paper very much. Дорогой друг и брат. Благодарю вас за ваше доброе письмо. Большой радостью было для меня узнать, что вы разделяете мои мысли о христианстве (я получил брошюры, которые вы мне послали 1 ), и был очень удовлетворен вашими взглядами относительно различных способов выражения религиозных чувств, сообразно с возрастом тех, к которым они обращены. Я получил брошюры, которые вы мне послали, прочел их не только с интересом, но и с пользой, и не могу их критиковать, ...

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Часть текста: 1 I think, that a great part of the evil of the world is due to our wishing to see the realization of what we are striving at, but are not ready for, and therefore being satisfied with the semblance of that, which should be. Compulsory governement organization is indeed nought else, than the semblance of good order, which is maintained by prisons, gallows, police, army and workhouses. Of real order there is none; only, that which infringes, it is hidden from our view in prisons, penal settlements and slums. And I think, that the dicease remains so long uncured, because it is concealed. So likewise with brotherhood or church communities. They also are semblances. There cannot be a community of saints among sinners. I think, that the members of a community in order to keep the semblance of sainthood must necessarily commit many new sins. We are so created, that we cannot become perfect either one by one, or in groups, but (from the very nature of the case) only all together. The warmth of any drop (or particle) is transmitted to all the others. And were it possible to conserve the heat of one particle, so that it should not pass to the others and therefore did not cool — it would only prove, that we took for heat, was not true heat. And I therefore think, that were our friends to direct towards their inner spiritual growth all the portion of attention and energy, which they devote to the sustainement of the outer form of a community amongst themselves — it would be better both for them and for God’s cause. Communities and external...

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Часть текста: and hope that you will express those ideas as strongly as all the articles of Worland and as simply and shortly as you say you wish to do it. The sole advice that I should wish to give you is to avoid polemic as much as possible. I have received also a letter from your husband 2 . I hope he will excuse me if I do not write to him separately and am asking you to be so kind say to him: 1) That although I like very much the Crank, I quite agree with him that it would de very good not only to combine gardening and agricultural work with writing, but to put the foundation of your life in manual work and keep publishing work as an accessory. Then he will not be afraid to be too successful. 2) That I hope I will send for the Crank something which should be worthy of it and 3) that I will be very glad to know his questions and answer them if I feel myself able to do it. With best wishes for you and your husband, your friend L. Tolstoy. 2/15 February 1907. Дорогая г-жа Дэниель, Я не ответил на ваше письмо раньше, так как был болен и до сих пор не вполне здоров. Я рад слышать, что вы намерены работать над вашей статьей о ...

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Часть текста: quite agree with you that your nation cannot accept the solution of the social problem which is proposed by Europe and which is no solution at all. A society or community kept together by force is not only in a provisory state, but in a very dangerous one. The bonds that keep together such a society are always in danger of being broken and the society itself — liable to experience the greatest evils. In such a position are all the European states. The only solution of the social problem for reasonable beings endowed with the capacity of love is the abolition of violence and the organization of society based on mutual love and reasonable principles, voluntarily accepted by all. Such a state can be attained only by the development of true religion. By the words «true religion» I mean the fundamental principles of all religions which are 1) the consciousness of the divine essence of human soul and 2) respect for its manifestation — human life. Your religion is very old and very profound in its metaphysical definition of the relation of man to the spiritual All — the Atman; but I think it was maimed in its moral, i. e. practical application to life; by the existence of caste. This practical application to life, so far as I know, has been made only by Jainism, 1 Buddhism and some of your sects, such as Kabir Panchis 2 in which the fundamental principle is the sacredness of life and consequently the prohibition to take the life of any...

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Часть текста: романы,[157] театральные пьесы, картины). 3) И потому[158] естественно является вопрос,[159] на чем основано значение, придаваем[ое] искусству. [ 14 мая . Протасово. ] Об [ винительный ] акт прот [ ив ] И [ льи ] и С [ они ] . Роскошь жизни; лошади, экипажи, кучер, собаки <охота>. (Ничего этого не нужно. Няня прежде нужн[а], чем это.) Прислуга. Девочка, дурная и дурно вознагражденная прислуга, но прислуга. Она работает, не учится, спит на сундуке, не ест с вами — это дурно. Хозяйства полевого нет. Это не пойдет при невнимании. Будут упреки. — Неряшество, нечистота. Резюме: Надо или отказаться от управления, найдя прикащика, уничтожить лошадей, собак, вещи и самому[160] работать в Гриневке или Александровке (Шенбель, Алмазов), или быть умным взыскательным хозяином, нанять прислугу и жить, как следует господам. Без иронии говорю, лучше, чем теперь. Теперь я вижу, что ты несчастлив, а С[оня] счастлива только ребенком и отдаляется от тебя больше и больше. — Несчастлив ты от неправильной жизни, от мелочей, к[оторые] надо уничтожить: куренье, вино, копанье с мастерством (пока), позднее вставанье. Еще — постели врозь. [ 20 М . 89. Я . П. ] Пр[оизведение] иск[усства] есть то, что откр[ывает] новое, ясно[161] и искренно.[162] Но, чтобы произв[едение] иск[усства] было истин[ным] и заслуживало уважен[ия], надо, чтобы оно б[ыло] добр[ое]. Тогда оно будет прекрасно и правдиво. Для того же, чтоб оно б[ыло] доброе, оно долж[но] быть согласно с учением об истинном благе. Как в 3-м веке произведение искусства должно б[ыло] быть согласно с учени[ем] того христианст[ва], так теперь с учение[м] теперешнего...

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Часть текста: regards as the truth, and not only as an abstract truth, but as a practical one, such a truth, the acceptation of which would deliver men from their miseries and give them the greatest welfare; but, strange though it seems to say so nothing has so much hindered the spreading of the truth, as the too hasty desire to make others accept it. I have always been deeply affected by the seldom noticed words of Christ to his 70 disciples, when they returned from preaching and boasted of their success, saying that everywhere the devils were subject unto them: «In this rejoice not, that the spirits are subject unto you; but rather, because your names are written in heaven». In other words: seek not exterior success visible to all men, do not count your proselytes, as do the churchmen & the salvation army, 1 but seek to be in the truth, never to deviate from it & success, thoough perhaps invisible to you, will follow, will certainly follow, because when a man is in the truth he will act and his action will inevitably have the most fruitful results, if even they will not be visible to him. The same is expressed in the words «Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness & all...

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Часть текста: 67. Дж. Гибсону (G. Gibson). 1898 г. Марта 11. Москва. My dear friend, I duly received your letter and magazine, both of which afforded me great pleasure. The first number is very good and I liked all the articles in it. It is quite true, as you say it in your article «The Social Need » 1 , and Herron 2 in his, that a Christian life is quite impossible in the present unchristian organization of society. The contradictions between his surroundings and his convictions are very painful for a man who is sincere in his сhristian faith, and therefore the organization of communities seems to such a man the only means of delivering himself from these contradictions. But this is an illusion. Every community is a small island in the mist of an ocean of unchristian conditions of life, so that the christian relations exist only between members of the colony but outside that must remain unchristian, otherwise the colony would not exist for a moment. And therefore to live in community cannot save a christian from the contradiction between his conscience and his life. I do not mean to say that I do not approve of communities such as your commonwealth, or that I do not think them to be a good thing. On the contrary, I approve of them with all my heart and am very interested in your commonwealth and wish it the greatest success. I think that every man who can free himself from the conditions of wordly life without breaking the ties of love — love the main principle in the name of which he seeks new forms of life — I think such a man not only must, but naturally join people who have the same beliefs and who try to live up to them. If I were free I would immediately even at my age join such a colony. I only wished to...

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